Internal-combustion engine



- Julie 8, 1937. N 2,083,397

INTERNAL COMBUSTiON ENGINE Original Filed Jan. 9, 1953 Invehtor; v 'AlF-Ped Rennep by 7 64 1%.

His Attorney.

Patented June 8, 1937 UNITED STAT PATENT OFFICE IN'rmNAL-ooMBusrioN Enema Alfred Bonner,

to General Ele New York Berlin-Tegcl, Germany, assignor ctric Company, a corporation of Original application January 9, 1933, Serial No.

tember 29,

Divided and this 1934, Serial No. 5,239. In Ger- Y application Se1 many January 11,1932

-1 Claim. ,(ol. 60-,-16)

The present application is a division of .my application Serial No. 650,898, filed on J anu'ary. 9,

1933, relating, to internal combustionengines, more particularly to the typeof engine. which is started by means of compressed airsupplied to the cylinders during the staiting operation.

The general object of the invention is to provide an I improved construction and arrangementof this type of engine.

One object of the invention is to provide an improved construction and arrangement for the mechanism operating the starting valve or valves, whereby the length of the cam shaft is reduced.

sectional view, partly broken away, of

an internal combustion engine embodying my invention.

The engine comprises a cylinder.|

0 having a piston H with a connecting rod l2 connected to a crank shaft in the usual manner,

not shown. 1

The piston wall is surrounded by a cylinder liner 5 or casing l3 which together with the wall defines a cooling space M through which cooli ng medium,

for instance, water, is circulated. The cylinder has a head l5 defining passages or channels for a fuel inlet valve It, a starting valve l1 and an outlet or exhaust valve, not shown.

The head also defines a cooling chamber l8 surrounding the different valves and communicating with the space M between the cylinder and the cylinder liner through a conduit l9 connecting the two chambers or spaces in series.

A cooling medium such as water is conducted to the head through a conduit 20 and discharges from through a conduit 2 I. gine by means of a fuel pump 22.

the liner Fuel is supplied to the en- The pump piston or push rod of the fuel pump has an extension 23 sliding in a guide 23a, and carrying end a roller 24. The latter is engage 25 fastened to at its lower d by a cam a cam shaft or holder 26. During operation the cam surface of the fuel cam 25 i 5 forces the roller 24 and accordingly the piston or control member of the fuel pump 22-upward to compress fuel to be supplied to the engine. The

fuel discharge of the pump.

valve l6 by a conduit 21. Adjacent is another cam 28 to be brought into with the'roller 24 for reversing the other words, while is connected to the the cam 25 engagement engine. In

the engine is running in one direction, for instance, forward direction, cam

25 engages the roller 24, is running in reversed direction the r whereas while the engine oller 24 enpivoted to a lever gages the cam 28.

'- 43 biased in. upward direction "byfia spring .44.

During opera ion the push rod 39-is moved up and down wh rebythe' left-hand end of the lever 4| causes the valve 40 to be opened and closedalternately.

The mechanism so far described is typical of' any kind of combustion engine having a cam shaft provided with cams for operating the different valves of theengine for both directions of rotation. A

An important feature of my invention is the provisionof a starting valve mechanism for conducting compressed air to the engine cylinders to start the engine, which mechanism is directly operated from the piston of the fuel pump. The starting valve |'I comprises a valve casing, 56 and a valve member' 51. The casing 56" defines a channel 58 to which compressed air may be con-'- ducted. through af'ncondult 59. Provided in the valve casing and 'slidably arranged on the stem 60 of the valve member 5.1 is a piston 6| biased in downward direction by-a spring 62. The upper end of the stem 60 bears against the left-hand end of a lever 64 having'an adjustable fulcrum at 65 and being pivoted at 66. to a push rod 61. Such arrangement is more fully disclosed in the patent to Renner, No. 29,. 1933. Connected to the piston 6| by means of a pin 68 is a bell crank lever 69 which has its other end connected to the pivot 65 and is fulcrumed on the shaft 42.

The starting arrangement so far described is more fully disclosed in myUnited States Patent No. 1,925,003, issued August 29, 1933. Broadly it represents an-arrangement for putting the starting valve operating mechanisminto an operative position under action of the compressed air supplied to the channel 60. Whereas heretofore this mechanism has been operated directly from a special starting cam on the cam shaft, I provide in accordance with my invention an arrangement whereby this mechanism is operated from the control member for the fuel pump or one of the valves for the cylinder. In the embodiment shown in the drawing the lower end of push rod 61 is pivoted to a lever 10, turning on a shaft 1| and having one end 12 projecting into an opening 1,925,003, issued August or recess 13 in the piston or control member of the fuel pump. The right-hand end of the lever 10 is biased in upward direction by means of a spring 14, to the effect that during normal operation the right-hand end 12 of the lever III is out I of reach of the fuel pump piston or control member 23. The starting valve mechanism is shown during the starting operation, that is, it is assumed that compressed air is supplied through the conduit 59 to the channel 58 and causes the piston 6| to move upward against the biasing force of the spring 62. This movement effects a turning movement of the bell crank lever 69 in clockwise direction, to the effect that the adjust- 15 able fulcrum 65 is moved to a position in which the push rod-61 is lowered so that the right-hand end 12 of lever 10 is engaged during the upward movement of the piston 23.

For starting the'engine, compressed air is conducted through conduit 59 by opening a valve 15,-in the present instance shown as'a butterfly valve in the conduit 59. The compressed air flows into the valve chamber l1 and forces the piston 6i upward against the biasing force of the spring During operation, fluid pressure, acting on the lower surface of the piston 6|, forces this piston upwardly, compressing spring 62, which spring, acting on the valve stem, maintains the valve closed. The piston 6| being of greater area than the valve 51, 'maintains the valve closed. When-the rod 61 is raised by the cam 28, the valve is positively forced down and opened. The upward motion-of the rod 61 also tends to cause a counter-clockwise rotationv ofthe lever 69, which lowers the piston GI and thus releases the compression of the spring 62, enabling the valve' 51 to'open. To effect this operation it is necessary that the fuel cam 25 be positioned with its valve opening surface adjacent the roller 24. In,

a single cylinder engine this may be accomplished manually by turning the cam shaft 26. In a multi-cylinder engine, such as a six-cylinder engine for which the arrangement is primarily intended, such positioning of the cam shaft 26 is not necessary because .there will be always one or two cams in a position with their valve opening surfaces engaging the rollers 24. The flow of compressed air into the cylinder forces the piston downward causing turning of the crank shaft which in known manner effects turning of i the cam shaft 26. This operation is continued until the speed of the engine has reached a certain value at'which combustible fuel is admitted to the engine by any known arrangement (not shown) and the supply of compressed air through ..conduit 59 is shut off by closing the butterfly valve 15.

shaft, and means for starting the engine com prising a starting valve cooperating with an opening in the cylinder; means including a channel and a butterfly valve therein for conducting compressed air to the starting valve, means .for operating thestarting valve directlyfrom the pump piston comprising a lever having one end fulcrumed and another end projecting into a recess in the pump piston and being normally out of en-' gagement with the. wall defining the recess andmeans responsive to the compressed air flowing past said butterfly-valve in said channel for automatically effecting. movement of said lever so as to engage the wall of the recesszand to be reciprocated by thexpump piston.

.' I ALFRED RENNER. 

